Which of the following is a common sign of alcohol withdrawal?

• A. Tremors
• B. Euphoria
• C. Hypotension
• D. Hypertension and tachycardia

Answer: (D)

Alcohol withdrawal triggers autonomic hyperactivity as the body adjusts to the absence of the depressant effects of alcohol. This sympathetic surge commonly shows up as tachycardia and hypertension, along with other signs like tremors, sweating, anxiety, and insomnia. The combination of elevated blood pressure and a fast heart rate is a reliable, objective indicator of withdrawal, making it a frequent and recognizable sign clinicians monitor for. Tremors are also classic and reflect CNS excitability, but the vital-sign changes provide a clear, measurable sign that withdrawal is occurring. Euphoria is not a withdrawal sign, and hypotension is not typical in withdrawal; hypertension and tachycardia illustrate the autonomic overactivity that characterizes this condition. Severe withdrawal can progress to delirium tremens with confusion and agitation, but the presence of hypertension and tachycardia remains a common early indicator.